PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.